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Sains Malaysiana 53(8)(2024): 1777-1785
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5308-05
Larut-Lesap Biologi Kaolin menggunakan Siderofor daripada Bacillus aryabhattai dan Bacillus megaterium
(Bioleaching
of Kaolin with Siderophores from Bacillus aryabhattai and Bacillus megaterium)
HUSNA ALYA MOHD RANI1, ADNAN AZMI1, MUHAMMAD AHMAD
ZAN1, MONISHA RAJAMOHAN2, KUAN SENG HOW2,3 & SYLVIA CHIENG1,*
1Jabatan Sains Biologi dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2Jabatan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Bahan, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Sains Lee Kong Chian, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampus Sg
Long, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
3Pusat Penyelidikan Bahan Termaju dan Mampan, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampus Sg
Long, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 30 April 2024/Diterima:
26 Jun 2024
Abstrak
Kehadiran cemaran besi di dalam kaolin secara signifikannya mengurangkan nilai komersialnya, kerana besi memberi kesan negatif terhadap indeks keputihan dan sifat refaktori kaolin tersebut. Walaupun kaedah penulenan kaolin secara fizikal dan kimia adalah berkesan, tetapi kaedah ini mempunyai beberapa kelemahan seperti kos yang tinggi dan pencemaran alam sekitar. Oleh itu, penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk mencadangkan kaedah baharu yang mesra alam serta boleh diaplikasi dalam skala yang lebih besar dalam industri bagi penulenan kaolin. Dalam kajian ini, siderofor Bacillus aryabhattai dan Bacillus megateriumyang ditulenkan secara separa digunakan untuk proses larut-lesap kaolin. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kedua-dua siderofor mampu mengeluarkan cemaran besi daripada sampel tanah liat kaolin. Melalui analisis spektroskopi sinar-X serakan tenaga (EDX), peratus berat besi di dalam kaolin telah menunjukkan penurunan sebanyak 48.2% bagi siderofor B. aryabhattai dan 50.6% bagi siderofor B. megaterium. Selain itu, analisis mikroskop elektron pengimbas (SEM) pula menunjukkan struktur lapisan kaolin kelihatan masih terpelihara dan menyamai morfologi kaolin mentah. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan keberkesanan proses larut-lesap menggunakan siderofor B. aryabhattai dan B. megaterium dalam mengurangkan cemaran besi daripada kaolin.
Kata kunci: Bacillus aryabhattai; Bacillus megaterium;
kaolin; larut-lesap; siderofor
Abstract
The presence of
iron impurities in kaolin significantly diminishes its commercial value, owing
to the adverse effects of iron on both the whiteness index and refractory
properties of the kaolin. While physical and chemical methods for kaolin
purification are known to be effective, they come with notable drawbacks such
as high costs and environmental pollution. Consequently, this study was
undertaken to propose a novel, environmentally sustainable method capable of
large-scale implementation in the industry for refinement of kaolin. In this
study, partially purified siderophores from Bacillus aryabhattai and Bacillus megaterium were used in the bioleaching process of kaolin. Results showed that both siderophores were able to remove iron impurities from the
kaolin clay samples. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis showed
a reduction in the weight percentage of iron in the kaolin by 48.2% for B. aryabhattai siderophore and
50.6% for B. megaterium siderophore.
Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed the
preservation of the layered structure of kaolin, resembling the morphology of
raw kaolin. These findings underscore the efficacy of bioleaching utilizing siderophores from B. aryabhattai and B. megaterium in effectively reducing iron
impurities from kaolin.
Keywords: Bacillus aryabhattai; Bacillus megaterium;
bioleaching; kaolin; siderophore
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